Diagnostic methods gynecological

Gynecologists resorted to various methods of diagnostic aids in the consultation. Here are some of the employees more often.

Papanicolaou
In the box detailing what the most widespread and all necessary studies being conducted routine gynecologic consultation. Should be done once a year, from the time of onset of sexual relations.

Colposcopy
It is good practice to do next to the PAP. It is used for that purpose a device composed of a binocular and a light source of high intensity. With it you can see injuries at the cervical, vaginal cavity and the vulva.

Hormonal analysis
These studies, which are conducted through a blood-listed when there are disruptions of the menstrual cycle or difficulty achieving pregnancy. The baseline should be obtained by the study during menstruation. On some occasions, requested additional after ovulation. Histerosalpingografía.

This radiograph is performed by injecting a contrast solution into the uterine cavity vaginally. To minimize the inconvenience it may cause, it is desirable to prescribe a mild sedative or an antispasmodic a little earlier. Is to be made after completion of menstruation and before ovulation.

The ability to detect abnormalities of the uterine conformation, as well as drugs and the internal cervical os.

Ultrasonography
Today, it is almost de rigueur to supplement when detected abnormalities or were looking for, for example, to check ovulation. Prefers to be performed by transvaginal route by the largest amount of data it provides. It gives a picture of the uterine cavity, the uterine body and ovaries.

Many gynecologists use the routine in menopausal women, especially if you are obese, as a method of early detection of tumors oval.

Endometrial biopsy
It is performed in the study of the patient sterile. It is used to diagnose ovulation and the quality of the tissue to be implanted into the pregnancy. Is to extract, vaginally, a small sample of tissue from the uterine cavity using a cannula and striving with a syringe or a microcureta.

Cytology (wipers) endometrial
It is used to irregular bleeding (especially at menopause) for the diagnosis of possible tumors. It is done by placing a small vaginal swab inside the uterine cavity.

Laparoscopy
It requires general anesthesia and temporary placement. Place a sort of '' telescope of 50 centimeters and 0.5 centimeters in diameter, with a cold light source that is introduced by a tiny incision in the umbilical scar. Lets see inside the genitals (uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries) and perform multiple operations on them without having to open the abdomen.

They find genes related with the prostate cancer

For all it is known that that of prostate is in the entire world one of the types of more communio cancer in men, among other things, because your detection is based on a blood test, a method that have an error wide margin.

Now, a discovery could throw light on your early detection and therefore your prevention and cure, since they have been possible to identify seven genes associated with prostate tumors.

To discover them, they were analyzed to more than 10.000 individuals, observing that these genes are present in more than half of all the cases of prostate cancer. And some of these genes, you say the studio published in the magazine Nature Genetics, they could also help to the development of new treatments.

"These results will allow us to carry out genetic" "profiles to analyze the risk that the men have of developing the illness" the discoverers they assure. The genetic profile requires to extract DNA of the patient and to analyze it to see if you have the genetic variations that it would put it in risk of prostate tumors.

Also, this discovery will allow to hurry the development of drugs", they continue. Assuring the "obtaining of a specific medicine in one or two years."

Prostate Diseases

The prostate diseases, the gland organ that rodeaa the initial portion of the masculine urethra, they study, fundamentally, with urinary manifestations.

The prostate can be seat of infectious and tumorous illnesses. You have special longing for the prostate the gonocco, causing bacterium of the Blennorrhagia, the venereal illness still more frequent today; before the antibiotics, the blennorrhagia got complicated with prostatitis in 70-80% of the cases. The tumors prostáticos can be benign or malignant.

Among the illnesses prostáticas it deserves to be outstanding, for your frequency and for the problems that it outline, the call hypertrophy of the prostate. This gland that usually have the size of a chestnut, can in this illness to reach that of an apple. Due to this overgrowth, a decrease of the urethral light usually takes place that can drive to a total obstruction of the urethra, with consecutive urine retention. One of the first clinical manifestations is the decrease of the pressure of the stream of the urination; due to it, the patient when urinating, the footwear usually wets. If not you solucina, in the advance phases, with urine retention, gives place to urinary infections and an uremia.

The hypertrophy prostática is characteristic of the males in advance age, being your unknown lawsuit. It usually demands surgical treatment. As dietetic and hygienic measures, they are advisable the following ones: scarce alcohol intake, to drink few liquids, application of heat in the first floor stomach and not to take diruetic medicines.

Retinal Detachment

The retina is the nervous membrane of the eye and the most important. Their intimate structure is not exactly same in its fullest extent. A petty part exists, in what we could name axis central, called stain or yellow blemish that it allows the perfect vision of the objects for its fine composition. Their alteration well for accident or for illness, it determines the visual central forfeiture.

Their lawsuits are numerous, but maybe the most frequent have a vascular origin, be general or local, that is to say reside in the same vessels of the retina or not. It can exist the occlusion of the central artery or a thrombosis of the vein, general ledger haemorrhages or pettier importance, phlebitis, alterations originated by the diabetes, the hypertension, the arteriosclerosis, etc. many times the sick person experiences a visual forfeiture, in a sudden or gradual way, according to the affection that it is. It owes recomendársele that still not being pains, be made recognize urgently for the expert.

The retina can also suffer degenerative, parasitic illnesses, tumors, etc.; that they usually carry always importance.

As it is that the retinal detachment is the most frequent affection and it is usually in the mind of many people, it is considered opportune to extend in the relationship of its lawsuits, symptoms and treatment. A good number of cases can cures with surgical medical treatment and what is more important, to be prevented by means of periodic visits to the expert. The treatments are usually effective and with a good prevention many times the feared abruption doesn't arrive.

Condition such as inflammatory alterations of the ciliary body, processes senile involutivos or degenerative, some vitreous mood disturbances, cranial traumatisms or violent efforts, certain coroides tumors, some possible acarid like the cisticerco and, certainly, the hereditary predisposition, they are lawsuits common of the retinal detachment, as he/she comes off of the test of all the oculists. The most frequent lawsuit that originates the retinal detachment resides in the myopia, visual quite communio bug. Of there the importance that all myopic fellow goes to the specialist physician regularly, not only as soon as it concerns to his optical correction that should be always for that, but also to prevent the possible retinal detachment appearance. The myopia like refractive bug is strange, the so much biggest percent constitutes it the nearsighted illness or myopia axil. All myopic person, although it already takes the appropriate eyeglasses and believe to be well, he/she should go to the oculist at least once a year. Many abruptions and other visual serious dysfunctions would be avoided if you follows this standard and not the pernicious and frequent custom of going to the optics store without the previous visit to the specialist physician.

The sick person at the beginning of the retinal detachment, notes that he lacks a part of its visual field, or you see the deformed objects and it appraises in general kind of a velum or of curtain for before the space that is about looking with one of its eyes. This sensation, days before he/she can go preceded of fotopsias, that is to say, as of some luminous gleams more or less volatile. With the night rest the symptom sometimes disappears, but he/she repeats and it is accentuated as they lapse the hours of the day. The fellow doesn't sometimes perceive these symptoms, mainly if the eye with abruption already had worse vision or knowingly he/she went defectively corrected.
Although in general a retinal detachment doesn't require an operation of urgency, it is convenient that the patient is visited soon. The oculist should make a careful exploration of the bottom of the eye, and overdraft the abruption, although it is of little extension, it will overwork the exploration in the search of some possible retina fissure. It is not always in the first exploration, for what is advisable some days of absolute rest in bed with binocular bandage to discover the fissures before making the intervention, only mean of obtaining the cure of the illness.

The more old it is the abruption minors possibilities he/she offers of a total cure: because although in the surgical aspect the reaplicación of the retina can be procured in its place, the grade of visual recovered capacity is affected by the lapsed time. It is explained to it because, to the being the retina such a delicate membrane, and when being deviant of their free position, it is affected in their nutrition, with the degenerative consequential alterations, accented point as much as general ledger has been the time in that the retina has suffered this deviation.