The pregnant woman should eat twice?

No. Final and absolutely not.
During pregnancy, the effect of placental hormones, there is a tendency to transform the food they eat into body mass (fat). Therefore, even eating the same thing as always, the pregnant feedlot.

To be well nourished she and the baby, the future mother should only eat as usual, choosing foods rich in protein and minerals and avoiding the high caloric content. Throughout the pregnancy, will require a greater contribution of calories, but that does not mean eating for two.

Alopecia cure?

Until recently, anti-baldness remedies wore the label of magical elixir. At present, circulating in the market thousands of potingues manufactured with all sorts of substances, placentas, plants, algae and hundreds of formulas in the miraculous converted potion that promise eternal hair.

One of these products is Viviscal, a compound of extracts of marine origin with "proteins, mucopolysaccharides cartilaginous fish, minerals and amino acids briquettes" according to its prospectus says.

Another was Capivax, a Chinese cure of plant origin. Their effectiveness is yet to prove. Even the modern-drug treatments mainly based on the administration of minoxidil-only produce a growth of hair on, and not all patients.

And within the world of cosmetics, large firms have shampoos and treatments to combat the fall. One of the last preparations in the market is the Aminexil, a molecule antifibrosis related minoxidil, or that firms like Kérastase Vichy (L'Oreal) are already marketed.

For some specialists, however, the best solution is prevention. And a key factor is food. There are substances such as vitamins and trace elements in group B that are necessary for development, formation and growth of hair. The low consumption of oats, barley or wheat conducive to its downfall. And the snuff and alcohol are triggers for a loss of these substances which, if not replace, weaken the hair.

Maintaining a diet rich in vitamin A, B complex, proteins and carbohydrates can help delay the alopecia, and, in the same way, frequent massages and heat promote the reduction of the fall, and that increases vasodilation and metabolic activity.

How to prevent hair loss

The hair loss, baldness in popular language, has always been one of the biggest obsessions of mankind. Despite the fashion of the rapados, loss of hair causes more of a complex poorly carried in men and in women.

What is alopecia? A natural process, neither more nor less. The life cycle of a human hair ranges from two to three years. While some fall, others growing up, being the normal daily loss of around a hundred hairs, which are in the sink after hairstyles, in the shoulder by the American, in the sheets ...

Over the years, however, the hair falls and loses vitality diffuse slowly and relentlessly. And, worse, do not regenerate. We talked about the common or androgenetic alopecia, which in Spain affects more than eight million people, mostly male, although women not escape its effects.

The alopecia is a common hormonal problem that manifests itself in men from puberty, and women, in different periods of his life (puberty, menopause, childbirth ...). Androgens (male hormo-nas) are the major culprits of this hair loss.

That does not mean that a large number of these hormones, like testosterone, leading to baldness, but the cells of the scalp are overly sensitive to them. This causes the atrophy of the hair follicle (root) and fall short of hair affected.

However, hereditary factors also influence. Although the exact mode of transmission is still a mystery, one can say with little margin for error, that "parents bald, bald children" The androgenetic is the most widespread type of baldness, but not the only one.

Other arrangements are telógenos of tenacity and alopecia areata. Telógenos known tenacity for the temporary fall of the hair, which responds to different causes. So, a lot of cases of this kind of disruption due to psychological problems.

In this sense, a situation of prolonged stress or neural disorder may experience problems with the cabello.Y also adversely affect some drugs (contraceptive products or chemotherapy), certain prevalent diseases (diabetes, abnormal thyroid), postoperative or diets low in protein.

How creatine

The creatine is a protein that is found in many tissues of the body, even in the heart. Overall the human body contains about 120 grams, almost all of whom (95%) is stored in muscles.

In any case, this amount varies depending on the individual: there have been at most 4.6 grams of creatine per kilo of muscle, and 3 grams minimum value as provided for every kilogram of muscle. A man of 70 kilos would have indicated between 80 and 130 grams of creatine.

On average every day we take about one gram of creatine with the normal feeding and other gram basis of what we produce food simpler: amino acids. This amount is used to reintegrate the two grams of creatine that the body loses every day with urine.

Taken in low doses creatine has no contraindication, although it can take in high doses, causing vomiting, diarrhea, digestive problems, heartburn and fatigue kidney.

How do the tables in nutritional food products

Counts of the number of calories in foods is regulated by various scientific associations around the world. One of the most important is the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) in the United States. The procedure, no matter how simple it may seem, has to follow a lot of rules and evidence. Here we present a condensed version:

First split a serving of a food particularly in its three main components: carbohydrates, protein and fat, and weigh each of these parties, then applied the method known as the 4 +4 +9, based on the fact that each gram of 4 produces protein and carbohydrate calories, and each gram of fat 9. So for example, a food that has a gram of each of these components (carbohydrates, protein and fat), shall be deemed to have 17 calories (4 plus 4 plus 9, is equal to 17).

Hence, the FDA allows companies producing food subtract 4 calories per gram of fiber in your product, since according to their formula, fiber helps to discard that percentage of our body.

Congestion muscle

"Congestion Muscular" is what you feel in the muscle when it placed under constant tension.
This comes when you stretch the muscle and contracted by a high number of repetitions. When muscles are congested, are filled with a lot of blood, making them bigger and tight.

In the medical books, it's called hiperremia.
This happens because while these lifting and lowering a weight (stretching and shrinking) the body begins to mandar blood across the arteries and veins to the muscle.
However, such as doing several repetitions, one after the other, those sending more and more blood to the muscle, resulting in that is filled.

Some of the ways to increase the size of muscle is to make the muscle fibers that make up engrandezca, and this is achieved by increasing labile, which are "temporary proteins." The # 1 way to achieve this is to overload the muscle with blood.

Quality of food in pregnancy

It is important to take into account the quality of food. Protein, minerals (especially calcium, iron, magnesium and fluoride) and some vitamin complex, as folic acid and vitamins A, B12, C, D and others, must be present in the daily diet.

This is sufficient if it makes, in addition, 60 grams of protein and at least not less than 2,000 calories in total. Milk, ideally should not participate in amounts less than half a litre every day. Of course you can offset this amount including yogurts, cheeses and other food preparations containing it (flan, ice cream, etc.).. The dairy bring a bit of everything: calories, protein and calcium, among other nutritional elements.

While along the pregnancy Theory increases in the caloric requirement, is no less true that the activity decreases significantly by the largest volume it occupies the abdomen, particularly the position to be taken to offset the imbalance that the weight of pregnancy produces in front of the spine and fatigue by not being able to sleep comfortably and having to charge slopes greater weight to become accustomed. As a result, since practical purposes, it is sufficient to maintain the same diet without variants for nine months.

Vomiting may affect the first quarter producing a low weight when they are very frequent and intense-which only affects a minority portion of the total pregnant women.

In most cases, by their quantity, are not sufficient to determine a malnutrition. Given the doubt, always imposing the immediate consultation of the obstetrician. Fraction diet in six meals a day helps to control vomiting.

Milk is good for health

The spectacular growth in the consumption of this food has been endorsed by their nutritional properties.
It has no cholesterol, is rich in vegetable protein and minerals-complementary and equivalent to the milk-and is generous in fotestrógenos.
These substances are well known but no activity that could reduce the risks of cardiovascular and type own signs of menopause.

Moreover, the soymilk is a suitable substitute for people with lactose intolerance, as this has no sugar.

The letters of the DNA ladder

The architecture of the DNA molecule is like a spiral staircase.
Each step consists of a pair of chemical letters that spell instructions for the body manufactures proteins, the building blocks that make up living organisms.

The alphabet of four letters, A, T, gyc, by-the chemicals that make up the spiraling molecule that is designed to ay t marry to perfection, forming a rung of the ladder, and the letters forming the next gyc , And so on.
The order in which these couples Rengo arranged letters is something that we inherited from our parents.

Why sick?

Human beings like everything that dwells on earth, is the product of the environment and is governed by its laws, knows or not, you like it or not.

Like other species se ha ido adapting to survive, while a body has resilience, survives no-decompensation and sick. The latter happens to humans, because since the beginning of last century have occurred dizzying changes in our lifestyles, food and environment to which we can hardly adapt, without remaining aftermath: radiation, pesticides, dyes, preservatives, drugs (legal or not), noise pollution, sobreestres, electromagnetic fields generated by man, smog, UV perforation of the ozone layer, among many.

It is impossible for us adapt quickly to change much, the result are all kinds of degenerative diseases and idiopathic, in other words, which do not know their cause and if they are not viruses. A few decades Fleming discovered penicillin, the bacteria appeared defeated, then saw that it was not so simple, were discovered viruses, which are incomplete since they only have DNA or RNA (such as HIV) that are the most dangerous because they are retroviruses and lentivirus, and may have a long window period of six months or one year inclusive, during which are undetectable.

Recently, the British discovered so painful that even proteins can be deadly, we refer to the prions that cause the disease of mad cow disease. You never know the new pathogen that lies ahead and we wonder what to do with it. Relying on that scientists discovered antibiotics and vaccines to fight the ruthless microorganisms? The race is lost in advance, what history shows, far from disappearing diseases are multiplying. It is not the solution is to make our body unpleasant pathogen?, Perhaps a problem of land, half domestic than for pathogens and that in turn promotes our immune system. That's better than trying to kill microorganisms, with drugs that attack without much insight to the good and bad, not to mention the dangerous tendency to self: sometimes an antibiotic is prescribed either necessary but a doctor should decide, if not read contraindications and see.

If you weigh 70 kg. You have in your body more or less 20 Kg. bacteria and not want to know how much virus! Also for example, in your intestines have colibacilar that if spreads or can cause death (peritonitis) but instead are necessary, we staphylococcus skin, in other areas other pathogens (such as causing meningitis), each which instead causes no problems, the problem is when the body is unbalanced, the same thing happens with external pathogens if we are not able intestinal flora and a good balance sympathetic parasympathetic, our immune system will not be in the best position to defend themselves and Immunization. This is not easy to achieve in the current living conditions, but you can take some precautions, some measures of food hygiene, environmental and emotional that can improve our quality of life. We can begin by restricting the consumption of sugar white or black, and avoid canned foods containing dyes, preservatives (every one or two years leave to new additives market, after earlier had found that carcinogenic), restricts the consumption of meat (not Remember that you have only four canines), and chew your food well.

To combat the obesity: to avoid that the stomach expands

British scientists of the University of London have discovered a possible form of combatting the obesity: to avoid that the stomach expands.

As you publish the magazine Journal of Pharmacology Experimental and Therapeutics, the scientists reached this conclusion when identifying two cellular proteins that "relax" the digestive tract and they help you to adapt a big meal. This you could avoid with a drug that is able to lock this relaxation, and avoids this way the hyperalimentation.

To day of today, the actual only therapeutical tool with which we count for the obese morbid patient you are the surgery, for that reason this discovery could facilitate the things a lot, offering a new focus to combat this illness.

The two proteins that identified, P2Y1 and P2Y11, control so much the dilatory relaxations as quick of the digestive tract. The human stomach has "in rest" an interior volume of 0,75 lítros, but when you relax your muscular wall it can expand to an interior volume of two liters or more.

This expansion is controlled by ledges inside the stomach wall that you/they release molecules that you/they boost the proteins P2Y1 and P2Y11. If we achieve drugs able to lock the receiver of P2Y11 we would avoid the dilatory relaxation of the stomach, offering a person the possibility to regulate your alimentary usage.

Believe viral defence in lab

A team of Canadian scientists of the University McGill has discovered in a lab the way to potentialize the natural defense system of an organism against the viruses, making potentially to the immune cells to the flu and other attacks humans.

In spite of the good apparent notice, the scientists assure that for the moment this process cannot be carried out in human cells, but in spite of this, they assure that the technique could help to the development of antiviral new therapies.

The key of the process is the stimulation of the protein interferon that are in the battle front that you have each cell against the virus attack. To boost your production, the investigators were able to delete two key genes in mice that allowed a bigger interferon production, that that in turn blocked the virus playback, especially those responsible for the flu.

This fed the expectations about the possibility of combatting a variety of strains responsible for the lives of millions of people, the famous pandemics, as the one that currently threatens us, the famous flu to prepare.

Now, the following step is to achieve it with human, maybe with another technique but with the same results. Also, abnormalities or side effects were not detected so in the lab mice the scientists they are already hands to the work to design a drug that can behave in the same way in the gene human.

Osteoporosis

The substance intercelular, fundamentally of the bony tissue, of protean nature, you are impregnated of calcic salts. To they owe it the bones your hardness. In circumstances of normality, this protean substance is totally saturated of citric salts, in such a way that we can say that in the normal bone it doesn't fit" more calcium.

As much in the osteoporosis as in the osteomalacia, the total quantity of existing calcium in the bones is below the normal one. But the mechanism that produce this deficit is different in both syndromes.

In the osteoporosis a decrease of the protean substance exists fundamentally of the bone. The bony trabéculas is usually impregnated of calcic salts, but they are thinner. The decrease of the quantity of calcium of the bone is due to the decrease of the fundamental substance that retain it. In the bone osteopórtico, like in the normal bone, you don't fit more calcium; but in that, the total quantity of calcium is diminished, to be inferior to the normal one the volume of the bony tissue.

Outwardly the osteoporotic bones are accustomed to being of normal, but given morphology the fine of your constituent trabéculas, they are very brittle. The most important consequences in the osteoporosis are the spontaneous fractures or caused by minimum traumatisms, and the deformations and levelings of the vertebras.

The trend to the fractures of the old men, especially of the neck of the femur, and the decreases of stature, with appearance of kyphosis that are observed in the same ones, they are due to osteosporosis (senile osteosporosis).

Another lawsuit of osteoporosis is the one that one observes in the male hipogonadal. The sexual masculine hormone is indispensable in the formation of the protean fundamental substance of the bone. The ullage of secretion of this hormone, for castration or for illness of the testicles, you drive to serious osteosporosis.

They also give place to osteoporosis the excesses of hormones cortisónicas. These hormones have, in the bone, a counteraction to that of the androgens (sexual masculine hormones): they impoverish the bone of protean substance. A hiperproducción of hormonal substances of share cortisónica exists on the part of the adrenal ones in the Cushing syndrome. Important osteoporosis can also appear, with fractures to minimum traumatisms, in subject to those that, to suffer bronchial asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, etc., they are administered drugs cortisónicos in excessive quantity and during too prolonged time. Given this hazard, the treatment with these medicines debit side to always be controlled by the physician.

Origin of the Blue Eyes

European scientists determined that you registered an evolutionary mutation behind between six thousand and ten thousand years. Originally, all the people had dark eyes

When was the first person of the world born in having blue eyes? According to a studio carried out by experts of the University of Copenhagen, the historical origin of the genetic modification that generated the blue eyes of all the inhabitants of the planet happened behind between 6 and 10.000 years. Of that communio ancestro all the man and wife of blue eyes of the descend
Earth.

As you publish the place saludyciencias.com.ar, the studio carried out by the cientíricos consisted on to analyze and to compare exemplary samples of DNA mitocondrial coming from people of varied colors of eyes coming from diverse countries.

Originally, people had the brown eyes, the Professor affirmed Hans Eiberg of Departmento of Cellular and Molecular Medicine of the University. A genetic random modification affected to the well-known gene as "OCA2" that derived in that you/they stopped to work other responsible genes of generating the brown eyes.

The gene OCA2 is the responsible one of encoding the named protein "P" that are directly related with the production of melanin, the pigment that give color to the skin, the hair and also the eyes. With less melanin the brown color is diluted and you go appearing the blue.

Eiberg underlined that, according to your opinion, this mutation is relatively neuter in terms of representing enhancements or disadvantages in the career of the genetic survival and in the evolution. Something similar to what happen with peeled people or that they have blemishes in the skin you would Be the result of the random constant mutations that prove and the mother nature discards.

The work of the scientists from Denmark was published in the edition of January of the scientific magazine Human Genetics.

How to Eat During the Pregnancy

To the periodic recognitions, and in front of a relaxation attitude, it is necessary to add, for an effective conduction of the pregnancy, the cares of the power supply. An appropriate power supply is fundamental for the mother's health and of its son. An immense legal age of times, the power supply usually sins for excess, for overdose, because of the mistaken concept that the pregnant debit side to eat for two. The unjustified increase of energy can lead to liver dysfunctions, kidney and general intoxication, producing a box of variable graveness, according to its intensity, compound number scientifically gestosis. But, also, the excessive increase of weight can alter the good march of the childbirth and to cause disproportions between fetus and mother, hindering this way the son's birth for excessive volume.

In the opposed end, if the power supply is scarce, the mother loses weight and the boy is born practically with the same weight; so much so that in last o'clock contained world, it was observed that the children of mothers prisoners in concentration fields registered when being born the normal weights, almost exactly the same as the children of very fed mothers; and it is that the whole caloric winch relapses on the woman.

The necessary calories are calculated among some 2 300 daily that will increase at 2 600 in the woman that works with corporal effort. The régime debit side to be complete and proportionate among the immediate different starts. An appropriate proportion can be: proteins (flesh, fish, eggs), 15 fat%, 30% hydrates of carbon (starches, potatoes, pastas, etc.), 55%. It is convenient to ingest about 80 or 100 grams of proteins daily in the form it decrypts, that is to say in form of animal proteins, as the flesh the fish, the eggs; or to share it fifty-fifty with the vegetable proteins that are the vegetables, the wheat and the oat. With 80 grams of flesh or fish, half liter of milk and an egg, they are completed daily, and in an enough way the necessities of proteins. The hydrates of carbon should be limited to about 350 daily grams that are in the sugar, the cereals and some fruits; and the fats should be calculated in about 70 daily grams that can be in the butter, the lard, the cheeses and the oleum.

To this series of immediate starts it is necessary to add minerals and vitamins that can be procured with any good one prepared commercial of positive effectiveness.

All woman pregnant debit side to acquire the habit of to eat slowly and to masticate well; of making moderate, but more frequent foods. The foods must be plain, avoiding the abuse of fried, the summation of spices, the sausages, the blue fish and the liquors. The tea and the coffee, if they don't excite, they can take.

The Viruses

The term "Virus", (poison in Latin) was coined in 1897 when a Dutch bacteriologist Martinus Beijerinck, passed the juice of a diseased plant of tobacco plant through a sufficiently fine filter as to stop the bacteria, still the pettiest. The clearing liquid filtrate, an infectious invisible agent still contained able to cause the illness of the tobacco plant called "mosaic" that Beijerinck was studying. In the following years, it was found that the viruses were related with a growing number of illnesses of the human beings and the animals. But it was not but up to 1931 in that the English bacteriologist William J. Elford devised a filter the sufficiently petty thing as to catch it in that was demonstrated that the virus was a minuscule particle, of much pettier size that the pettiest cell.

The viruses are so petty that twenty-five million polio virus would fit in the head of an alfilaria - as the virus that produces the aphthous one - they can be formed for only some few molecules.

The viruses are the most primitive forms in life, depending on the definition of "life" that you prefer. They can grow and to reproduce, but they are too petty to contain the usual machinery of a living cell.

In their place, they reproduce invading cells and forcing the chemical complex machinery from these when forming more virus instead of the main substances. In fact, most of a virus - a wraparound protein protector - he/she peels off and it is outside of the cell before beginning the attack. The part of the virus that invades to the cell is a mere matter tiny piece, a molecule or two of nucleic acid, the same substance that the genes are made.

The same as the genes, the viruses can supervise the manufacturing capacity of the living cell. But the virus is kind of a pirate" "gene that takes possession of the cell for its own ends. It carries out their protein masquerading as a genetic element of the own cell. Outside of their alive guests, the viruses cannot carry out metabolic features, to move neither to reproduce.

But inside the cell, a virus can arm hundred of replies of itself with the free nucleotides that float in the cellular liquid. When the cell is overworked, these replies abort the dead wraparound, transforming each one into a new "attacker" in search of other cells. Depending on the virus and of the victim, this cellular injury it is manifested as any other illness of a long list of them that you/they affect animals, plants or human beings, and that it includes mumps, measles, polio, hydrophobia, pock, influenza and the common cold. From 1911, when Dr. Peyton Rous sampled that a form of tumor of the chickens was caused by a virus, he/she has been that these cause more than 70 types of tumors in the animals.

How the Vaccines Work

The word "vaccination" invented it in 1796 Dr. Edward Jenner who took it of Latin "vaccina", Latin name of the illness of the called cows vaccinates ("vacca" means "cow" in Latin). Jenner was the English physician that demonstrated to the world that injecting the liquid of a blister of this illness of the cows, you could be protected a person against the pock .una feared illness that killed in that time to one of each three bitter children and it blinded or it deformed many of the survivors. The vaccine was mainly a light, contracted illness for the milkmaids that milked the infected cows, but if he/she doubts it was the sufficiently similar thing to the pock like to double-cross to the human body and to make it manufacture a defensive agent that combatted both illnesses.

Basically all the vaccines against the illnesses for virus work in the same form that the monumental discovery of Jenner. They boost to the body to form an army of protective antibodies that any pathologic actual organism that enters .de later on will combat it forms similar to like one takes care medieval walled it was boosted to gather troops and to get ready for a place before the view of an extraneous band that was taken by the vanguard of the invasive army. Not it imports a lot if they are really enemy soldiers or not. The important thing is that they wake up the defenders and they prepare them to defend of an actual attack.

Each virus takes in its covered protécnica kind of a pennant of signals called antigen these warning pennants they help to that the body can recognize the enemy's nature and to calculate the type of more suitable answer. Then, certain body cells, the plasmacitos, manufactures proteins called antibodies, made specifically to be linked with the molecular setup of the antigens of the virus.

A dead virus can still take this warning pennant. Some vaccines - as that of Salk against the polio - they are made of dead virus that cannot cause damage, but that anyway they boost to the plasmacitos to produce antibodies.

Other vaccines use alive but attenuated virus. These are virus created in and lab through successive generations until they are too weak to cause illness. But the body, without recognizing that the viruses are attenuated, mobilizes a permanent army of antibodies that you/they are of guard against the most dangerous cousins in the attenuated viruses.

Some vaccines of alive virus - as that of Jenner against the pock - they contain virus that are related antigénicamente with other more dangerous viruses. The antigens or warning pennants that take in their proteid covers, are sufficiently similar to the antigens of the viruses of the illnesses like to double-cross to the defenses of the body and to make produce effective antibodies against the similar other viruses.