The prenatal environment

The first environment in which the fetus develops is the cytoplasm, the fluid that bathes the nutritive cell, exclusively supplied by the mother. It is there where the fusion of genetic material from both parents.

Some experiments with animals have shown the effect of uterine environment on certain characters: some embryos of mice, with exactly the same genetic background, were implanted on different females. After their birth, found that their motor development, their activity reflects the females were different depending on which had been grafted embryos.

It was also noted that a small female, located between two male mice in the maternal womb, during the whole pregnancy was in adulthood more aggressive with the intruders. This was because it had received hormone testosterone released by male neighbors. All these tests corroborate the potential impact on the environment prenatal development and evolution of the fetus.

The manner in which a woman lives her pregnancy, if you suffer from stress, or fatigue, their way of eating, if you smoke or drink alcohol ... all this affects the development of the nervous system of their future child. For nine months, the fetus develops in a very exclusive, only for him. This may explain in part the differences so obvious that there are occasions between brothers, despite the 50 per cent of the genetic heritage and a common education like a priori.

But as a general rule, there are physical characteristics that confer a certain air of family among the brothers: the hair, nose, chin ... even how to express themselves or face a particular problem. It is also known that the movements can be hereditary, since to coordinate the muscles, brain cells send nerve impulses the same as that of their parents.

Biopsy of chorionic

The biopsy chorionic, allows the state of the fetus and conduct the so-called prenatal diagnosis of morphological alterations, or molecular functional. The procedures used for them are of two kinds: one using ultrasound (noninvasive), or the other by fetal samples (invasive).

The choice of diagnostic technique to use, and depend on several factors besides the objective analysis. For example, to identify a possible molecular alteration, can not be used ultrasounds, but some of the techniques of sampling fetal. Among them, we can make in the earliest period of gestation is the biopsy coriales villi.

The study consists of obtaining a sample of chorion villus, either cervical, or through the abdominal wall under control ultrasound. With the sample can be obtained chromosome studies, molecular and biochemical. The advantage is that it can be done at very early periods of pregnancy.

After sample extraction of coriales villi, can occur on an exceptional basis, a slight increase in complications, being contraindicated in some women with conditions anatomical and private clinics.

All these considerations imply that the type of technique prenatal diagnosis should be suggested by the gynaecologist according to the characteristics of each woman, with the objective diagnosis to try and achieve pregnancy at the time deemed most appropriate.

Legrado - The Legal Abort in the Women

Legrado is the interrupt of the pregnancy before the fetus is viable, that is to say, before he/she has possibilities to live. To legal goods it is considered abort to the interrupt of the pregnancy before the twenty-eight weeks, or to the expulsion of a fetus that possesses less than 600 grams, since, starting from these data up, it is considered premature childbirth. Really, in the practical land, all born fetus before the seventh month of pregnancy has scarce possibilities to live, without the use of incubators. The legrado is very frequent, being calculated that 25% of the gestations aborts, without they can be necessary with accuracy this statistical data for the concealment that habitually he/she is carried out of such a circumstance, although it is of supposing that the spontaneous abortion, discounting the criminal, he/she only takes place in 10% of the pregnancies.

The lawsuits of the criminal abort can be different: alterations of the egg in the moment of their formation; big fissures of the neck of the matrix; you position bad of the uterus; inflammations or infections of the same one; you cause general, as acute infections with fever (it seizes, diphtheria, fever of Malt, typhoid, etc.) or intoxications (alcohol, big smokers, professional toxics, etc.); nutritious and endocrine bugs; and finally, have an accident or violent traumatisms.

In the abort threat, the first symptom is generally the pain, localized in the lumbar area or in the first floor stomach. Simultaneously with him, or some days petty forfeitures (point out) appear later. This symptomatology can waive and to follow the pregnancy, or this can be discontinued raising the pain and the haemorrhage then, and taking place what we could call a childbirth in miniature, being ejected a generally dead embryo. The woman pregnant debit side to think of the possible abort threat, before all signal of blood appeared during the first three months of pregnancy, being in this unwarranted case the absolute rest in bed. The remainder of the treatment should be instituted by the obstetrician. Once the abort has taken place, it requires a rest of one week, if complications have not existed.

The two main complications of the abort are the abundant haemorrhage and the infection. Both have very good treatment at the present time. Also in certain cases, the abort is incomplete, not being ejected the whole egg, but rather inside the uterus they can be placenta remains that you/they will force the obstetrician to make a legrado (shaved ice) to clean this uterine impure cavity. It is mandatory to visit one another one month after the abort.

Gestation - Control and Cares

In spite of the dysfunctions more or less intense and always transitory that are given in the mother-to-be's body, if it has been tried to treat them appropriately, the pregnancy is a phase of the woman's life that we must consider normal, the woman's biology is directed to perpetuate the specie and everything that makes in its favor it is a little. The pregnant woman from the first moments, it should trust the physician and to follow their commissions. The fact of trusting of the common sense or of the family test it exposes to end in big errors. The contrast with the previous generation that the physician in the middle of disaster, today only called is every more exceptional day that a woman arrives to the moment of the childbirth without book credit visited a gynecologist, at least in the big cities or in the industrialized fields; in the field, in the agricultural fields of many areas, the affluence is already pettier, but this fields are in fact those that provide a more high level of maternal and fetal mortality. It is of wanting that they still multiply not the prenatal clinics in these fields modernized, and that to them all the mothers still go remiss in recognizing the magnitude of the advances that you/they have been achieved in the care to the pregnant woman.

The first query should be a month, or to the two menstruation ullages to discard from the first moment any precocious alteration and to teach the first hygienic standards. The other visits should be monthly, being of special interest in the last weeks. During these visits, a mutual trust should settle down between the pregnant one and the gynecologist, undergoing the patient the recognition of its general state, of the normality of the different apparatuses (respiratory, digestive, urinal, etc.), and to the appraisal of different analysis, among which are indispensable the blood type, the factor RH, the urination exam, the arterial pressure, the control of weight and the different ultrasounds. Possibly debit side to add the red blood count, the determination of the quantity of sugar in the blood and the reactions for the diagnostic of the possible lúes or syphilis.

It is indispensable the woman's serene attitude in front of their pregnancy. In the woman's life, the pregnancy and the childbirth they represent a moment emotional resemblance, or maybe general ledger, to that of the puberty or that of the menopause, and the psychic behavior in front of that state depends on the sexual education, of the family (a lot of disastrous times) attitude, of the cultural level and of the happiness or sadness with which the event is accepted. The woman must have the convincing that she should be mother and that the childbirth is not any secret, and it must abort the fear to complications and the pain. A relaxed woman that allows to behave confidently for her gynecologist that has learned how to breathe that has the affection and the husband's understanding or couple, makes much easier the moment of the childbirth, and stiller knowing that the obstetrician has today powerful means of help that they facilitate his work and they redound in the mother's benefit and of the son.